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Refractory cement, also known as calcium aluminate cement (CAC), is a specialized binding material engineered to withstand extremely high temperatures, typically exceeding 1500°C (2732°F). Unlike ordinary Portland cement, which degrades and loses strength under intense heat, refractory cement maintains its structural integrity and chemical stability in furnaces, kilns, fireplaces, and industrial reactors.
The unique performance of refractory cement stems from its distinct chemical composition and manufacturing process. The primary raw materials are limestone (calcium carbonate) and bauxite (aluminum ore), which are crushed, mixed, and heated in a kiln to approximately 1600°C through a process called sintering.
| Item | CA-50 | CA-60 | CA-70 | CA-80 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chemical Component | ||||
| Al2O3 /% | 50-60 | 60-68 | 68-77 | ≥77 |
| SiO2 /% | ≤8.0 | ≤5.0 | ≤1.0 | ≤0.5 |
| Fe2O3 /% | ≤2.5 | ≤2.0 | ≤0.7 | 0.5 |
| R2O (Na2O+0.658K2O) /% | ≤0.4 | ≤0.4 | ≤0.4 | ≤0.4 |
| Rupture Strength MPa | ||||
| 1 day | 5.5 | 2.5 | 5.0 | 4.0 |
| 3 days | 6.5 | 5.0 | 6.0 | 5.0 |
| 28 days | / | 10.0 | / | / |
| Compressive Strength MPa | ||||
| 1 day | 40 | 20 | 30 | 25 |
| 3 days | 50 | 45 | 40 | 30 |
| 28 days | / | 80 | / | / |
| Setting Time Min | ||||
| Initial time | ≥30 | ≥60 | ≥30 | ≥30 |
| Final time | ≤360 | ≤1080 | ≤360 | ≤360 |
Refractory cement requires careful curing procedures. It must be kept moist for the first 24 hours, then dried slowly to prevent steam spalling. Crucially, refractory cement should never be mixed with ordinary Portland cement, as the lime content in Portland cement will drastically lower its heat resistance.
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